8 Tips for Dealing with Conspiracy Theories Among Friends and Family
In times of the COVID-19 pandemic, conspiracy myths and disinformation are widespread. It is particularly difficult when they are spread by those closest to you. Yet, this can also be an opportunity to make a difference. Here are eight tips to help you debunk conspiracy theories being spread by friends and family:
These tips were originally published in German, by Get the Trolls Out! partner Amadeu Antonio Stiftung
Image Credit: GalacticDreamer / Shutterstok
Engage in conversation in a private space and at eye level. The most important thing when you want to engage a loved one in conversation about a conspiracy theory they endorse is to act with a lot of empathy and avoid being confrontational. Take the person’s doubts seriously and rely on your personal and emotional bonds with them to make your points.
Gain insight. Why does the conspiracy theory in question seem particularly believable to your friend or relative, at that specific moment? Does this conspiracy myth seem to provide an answer to some fundamental problem?
Establish common ground. A good starting point could be your shared belief that our society is or should be based on respect for everyone’s human rights. Show that the conspiracy theory in question cannot be reconciled with your shared position on human rights, for example because it devalues others.
Conduct research together. Try a joint fact check that can verify the reliability of your sources. From which source does your and their information come? Does this image really belong to this article? Fact-checkers like Full Fact and Snopes can come in handy, here.
Emphasise that some gaps in knowledge is inevitable. Scientific data regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, supporting counter-narratives that disprove conspiracy theories, cannot always be found due to the novelty of the virus. Explain that we do not currently have reliable information about every aspect of the virus and its behaviour. Due to this, we need to accept some uncertainty and gaps in knowledge.
Spread trustworthy information yourself. Dissemination of reputable information is important, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Try disseminating information from sources like the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation), the WHO (World Health Organisation) and the US CDC (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention), or well-known virologists and scientists.
Take care to establish your boundaries. This may include clearly identifying and calling-out dehumanising content that targets individuals belonging to a particular race, religion, gender or other group. Show solidarity with the people and communities affected, making it clear where you draw the line regarding such content.
Take your time. Clarifying and scrutinising conspiracy myths takes time, patience and a lot of empathy. A single conversation will not suffice for this. One key advantage of focusing your efforts on friends and family is that you will see this person frequently and can keep the conversation going over a longer period of time.